If a vector A is multiplied by a real number (say n), the vector of same nature is obtained but its magnitude is n times that of A.
Water is a vital substance for life on Earth, and it plays numerous important biological roles in living organisms. Some of the key biological roles of water are:
Universal solvent: Water is an excellent solvent for many substances, both organic and inorganic. This means that it can dissolve and transport a wide range of nutrients and minerals necessary for the growth and survival of living organisms.
Medium for metabolic reactions: Many metabolic reactions in living organisms require water...
A negative of a vector represents the direction opposite to the reference direction. It means that the magnitude of two vectors are same but they are opposite in direction.
For example, if A and B are two vectors that have equal magnitude but opposite in direction, then vector A is negative of vector B.
Materials show varying behaviors based on their Poisson's ratio. High Poisson's ratio materials (near 0.5) contract significantly sideways when stretched and expand when compressed, seen in substances like rubber. Low Poisson's ratio materials (near 0) undergo minimal width change during axial deformation, typical of metals and common engineering materials.