1. sol:
P | q | ~p | ~p ^ q |
| T T F F | T F T F | F F T T | F F T F |
In the air, there's nothing holding the body of the helicopter still - so the rotor blades spin one direction, but the torque applied to spin the rotors tries to spin the body of the helicopter in the opposite direction. The little rotor on the tail helps keep the body of the helicopter pointed in the same direction.
Materials show varying behaviors based on their Poisson's ratio. High Poisson's ratio materials (near 0.5) contract significantly sideways when stretched and expand when compressed, seen in substances like rubber. Low Poisson's ratio materials (near 0) undergo minimal width change during axial deformation, typical of metals and common engineering materials.
