Shortwave radio is used for broadcasting of voice and music, and long-distance communication to ships and aircraft, or to remote areas out of reach of wired communication or other radio services and that’s why it is more energetic than long waves. Shortwave radio is radio communication using the upper MF (medium frequency) and all of the HF (high frequency) portion of the radio spectrum, between 1,800–30,000 kHz. Shortwave radio received its name because the wavelengths in this band are...
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Sigma bond is stronger than Pi bond because of the following reasons:
- The extent of overlapping in Sigma bond is greater than in Pi bond.
- The electron density in intermolecular axis is more in Sigma bond than in Pi bond.
- There is free rotation of atom about Sigma bond but not about Pi bond.
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Compounds with hydrogen bonding tend to have higher melting and boiling points because the hydrogen bonding leads to stronger intermolecular forces. Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between molecules, and they affect the physical properties of a substance, including melting and boiling points.
Hydrogen bonding is a particularly strong type of intermolecular force that occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine....
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Materials show varying behaviors based on their Poisson's ratio. High Poisson's ratio materials (near 0.5) contract significantly sideways when stretched and expand when compressed, seen in substances like rubber. Low Poisson's ratio materials (near 0) undergo minimal width change during axial deformation, typical of metals and common engineering materials.